tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-55941056362238831632024-03-13T03:12:16.510+00:00Portuguese Prehistoric EnclosuresA.C.Valerahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17649871137132088749noreply@blogger.comBlogger459125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5594105636223883163.post-32403347170261706962023-02-06T19:04:00.007+00:002023-02-06T19:04:44.442+00:000450 - Arquitectura e cosmologia /Architecture and cosmology<p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBiv0wZqTXo4sULFt6ukoZ36Vt5tAKxXVZjUmVYhHOiJKL8Uci6T4N8kq7LsNz3xIb6HSgIl6Y-t3tYqpUQM9Z17ORsqlbGfp7M9yJAALWz5RAauJfeGvpXX5AdyOVes8xR5Mcu5BNtiXLR77upldPN9j9trFxWqJBdRyWIIiimtBJBhQLzfv8Jv-f/s2018/Figure%205.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2018" data-original-width="1685" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBiv0wZqTXo4sULFt6ukoZ36Vt5tAKxXVZjUmVYhHOiJKL8Uci6T4N8kq7LsNz3xIb6HSgIl6Y-t3tYqpUQM9Z17ORsqlbGfp7M9yJAALWz5RAauJfeGvpXX5AdyOVes8xR5Mcu5BNtiXLR77upldPN9j9trFxWqJBdRyWIIiimtBJBhQLzfv8Jv-f/w334-h400/Figure%205.jpg" width="334" /></a></div><br /><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“Essa padronização também
é vista nos tamanhos dos lóbulos, que correspondem a segmentos de círculos com
diâmetros de 10 metros em média. (…) Esta regularidade sugere que o tamanho do
lóbulo não é aleatório e obedece a um modelo ou norma de convenções de construção.
Os casos de Santa Vitória e Outeiro Alto 2 podem dar uma ideia deste arquétipo.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">No recinto interno de
Santa Vitória o diâmetro do lóbulo à direita da entrada é compreendido pelo
ângulo dos alinhamentos do centro do recinto com os solstícios de verão e
inverno ao nascer do sol (Figura 5: 2), definindo um segmento de um círculo de
9 metros de diâmetro. Este tamanho é replicado pelos outros cinco lóbulos.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Em Outeiro Alto 2
observa-se a mesma situação geral (Figura 5: 3), com algumas diferenças
interessantes em relação a Santa Vitória. Aqui a porta está alinhada com o
solstício de inverno e, enquanto em Santa Vitória [orientada ao solstício de
Verão] está na curva interior feita pela junção de dois lóbulos, no Outeiro
Alto 2 está na curva do lóbulo. Porém, o tamanho dos lóbulos é também
compreendido pelo ângulo formado pelo eixo dos solstícios, definindo segmentos
de círculos com 11 metros de diâmetro e mantendo uma proporcionalidade em
relação a Santa Vitória, vista na relação entre os tamanhos dos diâmetros dos
recintos e dos lóbulos: Santa Vitória com diâmetro de vala de 25m tem lóbulos
de 9m, o que dá um quociente de 2,78 (dividindo o diâmetro dos recintos pelo
diâmetro dos lóbulos); O Outeiro Alto 2 com um diâmetro de vala de 30m tem
lóbulos de 11m, proporcionando um quociente semelhante de 2,73.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">(Valera, A.C. 2020, Ephemeral and Cosmological
Monumentality: the ‘strange’ ditched enclosures of Chalcolithic South Portugal).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="color: #ffa400;">“This patterning is also seen in the sizes of the lobules,
which correspond to segments of circles with diameters of 10 meters average. (…)
This regularity suggests that the lobule’s size is not random and observes a model
or norm of building conventions. The cases of Santa Vitória and Outeiro Alto 2 may
provide an insight to this archetypal.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="color: #ffa400;">In the inner enclosure of Santa Vitória the diameter
of the lobule at the right of the entrance is comprised by the angle of the alignments
from the centre of the enclosure with the summer and winter solstices at
sunrise (Figure 5: 2), defining a segment of a circle of 9 meters diameter.
This size is replicated by the other five lobules.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="color: #ffa400;">At Outeiro Alto 2 the same general situation can be
observed (Figure 5: 3), with some interesting differences regarding Santa
Vitória. Here the gate is aligned with the winter solstice and, while at Santa
Vitória [orientated to the summer solstice] it is in the inner curve made by the
junction of two lobules, at Outeiro Alto 2 is in the curve of the lobule.
However, the size of the lobules is also comprised by the angle made by the
axis of the solstices, defining segments of circles with 11 meters diameter and
maintaining a proportionality regarding Santa Vitória, seen in the relation
between the sizes of the diameters of the enclosures and of the lobules: Santa
Vitória with a ditch diameter of 25m has lobules of 9m, which provides a quotient
of 2,78 (dividing the enclosures diameter by the lobules diameter); Outeiro
Alto 2 with a ditch dimeter of 30m has lobules of 11m, providing a similar quotient
of 2,73.”</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">(Valera, A.C. 2020, Ephemeral and Cosmological
Monumentality: the ‘strange’ ditched enclosures of Chalcolithic South Portugal).<o:p></o:p></span></p>A.C.Valerahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17649871137132088749noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5594105636223883163.post-24052887396670910942023-02-04T11:04:00.012+00:002023-02-04T13:13:29.401+00:000449 - Perdigões Timber Circle<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4vbSEplvQ70F4h74NKliTnPECjYty2A0c3ourWKQM3yPHn2DHVMrllmikDOqhvujesa0CSC6PBiF2KRQBLRWhSnvGN7FjO1jyZeOML0Q90AjoS954qWHnBigk7LU3rrqKx4oIdmJybis8PgFajpl-SowZRwJ3NJhEFQ2GUtk4cZQushQarA8RTlv4/s1317/Timber%20Circle.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="856" data-original-width="1317" height="260" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4vbSEplvQ70F4h74NKliTnPECjYty2A0c3ourWKQM3yPHn2DHVMrllmikDOqhvujesa0CSC6PBiF2KRQBLRWhSnvGN7FjO1jyZeOML0Q90AjoS954qWHnBigk7LU3rrqKx4oIdmJybis8PgFajpl-SowZRwJ3NJhEFQ2GUtk4cZQushQarA8RTlv4/w400-h260/Timber%20Circle.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br />Esta é uma proposta de reconstituição preliminar do Timber Circle no centro dos recintos de fossos dos Perdigões publicada na National Geographic História (ilustração de Luís Taklim). Datado de entre 2800-2600 a.C., é uma estrutura até ao momento única na Península Ibérica e que parece enquadrar-se na tradição de construção de estruturas cerimoniais em madeira da Europa Central e das Ilhas Britânicas. A sua escavação está ainda em curso.<p></p><p><span style="color: #ffa400;">This is the proposal for a preliminary reconstitution of the Timber Circle in the center of the Perdigões ditched enclosures published in National Geographic História (illustration by Luís Taklim). Dating back to between 2800-2600 BC, it is a unique structure on the Iberian Peninsula and seems to fit in with the tradition of building ceremonial wooden structures in Central Europe and the British Isles. Its excavation is still ongoing.</span></p>A.C.Valerahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17649871137132088749noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5594105636223883163.post-49429454974179004812022-03-13T13:16:00.005+00:002022-03-13T13:21:29.953+00:000448 - Actualising the Map of Ditched Enclosures<p>This is an
actualised map of Portuguese ditched enclosures (or sites with ditches) at
13_03_2022. It represents a revision of earlier displayed information and the
adding of several new enclosures. It also distinguishes the confirmed data from
probable enclosures identified in satellite images, but that still need some
sort of field confirmation (identified as pink dots).</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">The use of
this map should be referenced to this blog and date: Valera, A.C., Map of Portuguese ditched enclosures, Portuguese Prehistoric Enclosures, portugueseenclosures.blogspot.com, 13-03-2022</span>.</p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjP6jfZaN0l9YpIScadwuHrosxAHcaw1Ec5BXNt-D70kPezOrNNPsQWzejpNpUNfudjN6YnQcLfkYBthW0ur3cCedzer6p6tBmBJ2JI744rgERuxeHlQugT8cdRgmIV6aiLiwC728ZK7ktyk4kgFUMrWq4vZ2-CnfX-dqUOf0xDOpbYGmNsiGgNHB8t=s2100" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1515" data-original-width="2100" height="289" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjP6jfZaN0l9YpIScadwuHrosxAHcaw1Ec5BXNt-D70kPezOrNNPsQWzejpNpUNfudjN6YnQcLfkYBthW0ur3cCedzer6p6tBmBJ2JI744rgERuxeHlQugT8cdRgmIV6aiLiwC728ZK7ktyk4kgFUMrWq4vZ2-CnfX-dqUOf0xDOpbYGmNsiGgNHB8t=w400-h289" width="400" /></a></div><br /><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><br /></span><p></p>A.C.Valerahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17649871137132088749noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5594105636223883163.post-63386960851840534072021-10-02T18:22:00.000+01:002021-10-02T18:22:07.295+01:000447 - And another new one<p> Again in Serpa municipality, where several ditched enclosures have been found, another new one was recently detected. It is clearly a three ditched enclosure, with patterned lobes, very similar to Borralhos and Folha do Ouro, just a few km apart. </p><p>The discovery, made in Google Earth, was done by Teresa Nunes da Ponte, who kindly provide me with the information. </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-lqtZIdM1Khw/YViVKc3YQvI/AAAAAAAAId0/E1czM7A1630xpfOjU75THYHlYxjoIMVGQCLcBGAsYHQ/s1034/Sem%2Bnome.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="678" data-original-width="1034" height="263" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-lqtZIdM1Khw/YViVKc3YQvI/AAAAAAAAId0/E1czM7A1630xpfOjU75THYHlYxjoIMVGQCLcBGAsYHQ/w400-h263/Sem%2Bnome.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p>A.C.Valerahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17649871137132088749noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5594105636223883163.post-53236647214064879062021-03-28T21:12:00.005+01:002021-03-28T21:12:24.389+01:000446 - A new lobed one<p>Magnetogram
just completed and photographed on the laptop. Another lobed patterned one, and
the two aligned gates are orientated at 120º, meaning winter solstice. They
keep coming and confirming that prescriptions must have existed about the
design and orientation of these enclosures, as I have been arguing for some
time now. Work by Era Arqueologia, with geophysics by Tiago do Pereiro,
assisted by me and other Era collaborators.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-F1C-gMKI1IQ/YGDizBS1mVI/AAAAAAAAINA/inGYDcAfsIEJTwU-qmcW0qUtXOQSxIbJgCLcBGAsYHQ/s1451/IMG_20210327_122054.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1167" data-original-width="1451" height="321" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-F1C-gMKI1IQ/YGDizBS1mVI/AAAAAAAAINA/inGYDcAfsIEJTwU-qmcW0qUtXOQSxIbJgCLcBGAsYHQ/w400-h321/IMG_20210327_122054.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>A.C.Valerahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17649871137132088749noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5594105636223883163.post-72556739581508964982021-02-23T14:35:00.007+00:002021-02-23T14:58:13.395+00:000445 - Twinned enclosures?<p>A new
ditched enclosure was detected just 200m north of the ditched enclosure of
Xancra, in Alentejo, South Portugal. The identification was done in an aerial
image from 2020 provided by Google Earth. Surface materials indicate a Copper
Age chronology, jut like Xancra. The proximity is food for thought, and might
corroborate the idea that many of these ditched enclosures had short lives and intermittent
ones, implicating lateral displacements or overlapping construction of
enclosures, which has been documented on several occasions. Work developed by the NIA-Era Arqueologia (A. Valera and T. do Pereiro).</p><p>See discussion in: </p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif">Valera, A.C., Ramos, R.,
Castanheira, P. (2015),</span></b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif">
“Os recintos de fossos de Coelheira 2 (Santa Vitória, Beja)”, <i>Apontamentos de Arqueologia e Património</i>,
10, Lisboa, NIA-ERA, p.33-45.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif">Valera, A.C.; Pereiro, T.
(2015),</span></b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif"> “Os recintos de
fossos da Salvada e Monte das Cabeceiras 2 (Beja, Portugal)”, Actas do VII
Encontro de Arqueologia Peninsular, Aroche-Serpa 2013, p.316-327.<o:p></o:p></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-08kZeJVmF6o/YDUSif9h5PI/AAAAAAAAIL8/C2L5pjsHi7MMZGTjomFM-CSAxcItxpKgACLcBGAsYHQ/s1861/Xancra%2B1%2Be%2B2.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1125" data-original-width="1861" height="241" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-08kZeJVmF6o/YDUSif9h5PI/AAAAAAAAIL8/C2L5pjsHi7MMZGTjomFM-CSAxcItxpKgACLcBGAsYHQ/w400-h241/Xancra%2B1%2Be%2B2.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p>A.C.Valerahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17649871137132088749noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5594105636223883163.post-90022858782244919472020-11-19T10:31:00.003+00:002020-11-19T10:31:17.795+00:000444 - Folha do Ouro 1 enclosure published<p> It was published a paper about the results and interpretation of the geophysics done at the Folha do Ouro 1 Chalcolithic ditched enclosure, located in Serpa, South Portugal.</p><p>Download <a href="http://museuarqueologicodocarmo.pt/publicacoes/outras_publicacoes/III_congresso_actas/artigos/Art5.22_IIICAAP.pdf">here</a>.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-EkfW1O2NIKo/X7ZJB6WH11I/AAAAAAAAIHI/0IIVvFFdUp8vhpaB3onj-wPZE3JdNbSJACLcBGAsYHQ/s828/FO1%2BPublic.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="716" data-original-width="828" height="346" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-EkfW1O2NIKo/X7ZJB6WH11I/AAAAAAAAIHI/0IIVvFFdUp8vhpaB3onj-wPZE3JdNbSJACLcBGAsYHQ/w400-h346/FO1%2BPublic.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p>A.C.Valerahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17649871137132088749noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5594105636223883163.post-43878763637241635282020-10-25T11:37:00.004+00:002020-10-25T11:38:26.981+00:000443 - Perdigões "woodhenge" in european context.<div style="text-align: center;"><iframe frameborder="0" height="270" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/R12cZkAXG0s" width="480"></iframe></div>A.C.Valerahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17649871137132088749noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5594105636223883163.post-25240725452852216932020-08-15T15:18:00.007+01:002020-08-15T15:25:21.122+01:000442 - A timber circle in the centre of Perdigões ditched enclosure.<p> With
significant repercussion in the media, the recent confirmation of a timber
circle in the centre of Perdigões enclosure is, in fact, a major finding in
Iberian archaeology, namely in the context of enclosure phenomena. Right in the
centre of the large ditched enclosure of Perdigões (that has 450m diameter)
there is this 20m diameter timber circle with several concentric rows of
palisades and post alignments, with an apparent entrance aligned with the
summer solstice (in the third part that has been exposed so far). The external rows have been dated between 2800-2600 BC.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">It is the
first monumental structure of this kind found in Iberia and its closest
parallels are in central Europe or in YK. Which brings immediately the question
of what does this find means: something unique or just a point of an
unsuspected iceberg?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Independently
of that, this structure confirms some earlier findings that indicate that in
Iberia there was also and important prehistoric architecture in wood (and not
just in stone and earth), some of them were already presented in this blog (see
Outeiro Alto 2 or Estácio 6). It also reaffirms the ceremonial status of
Perdigões enclosures and the significance of the centre of that natural amphitheatre,
that present a recurrent with ceremonial architectures and practices during the
3<sup>rd</sup> millennium BC.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-yKfzzcnbb6o/XzfuDxWbt6I/AAAAAAAAIAA/_JxSMvHqyzYr0LKGkQPcONU6E9QdJOyPACLcBGAsYHQ/s2048/01.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1236" data-original-width="2048" height="309" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-yKfzzcnbb6o/XzfuDxWbt6I/AAAAAAAAIAA/_JxSMvHqyzYr0LKGkQPcONU6E9QdJOyPACLcBGAsYHQ/w512-h309/01.jpg" width="512" /></a></div><span lang="" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">In the left, the third exposed of the timber circle; in the right, the projection of that third to have a glimpse over the dimension of the structure.</span><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-vHVimZ9em5U/XzfucTlKhbI/AAAAAAAAIAI/_QX_3qkRtSM9um6awq3RnmgAbZ0bFncrwCLcBGAsYHQ/s2719/03.tiff" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1157" data-original-width="2719" height="218" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-vHVimZ9em5U/XzfucTlKhbI/AAAAAAAAIAI/_QX_3qkRtSM9um6awq3RnmgAbZ0bFncrwCLcBGAsYHQ/w512-h218/03.tiff" width="512" /></a></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span lang="" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">A first partial interpretative proposal.</span></p>A.C.Valerahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17649871137132088749noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5594105636223883163.post-5145359825235464162020-08-10T23:08:00.002+01:002020-08-12T00:34:45.074+01:000441 - The new magnetogram of Folha do Ouro ditched enclosure<p> Another ditched enclosure was identified and prospected within the scope of the NIA-Era investigation of ditched enclosures enclosures in Alentejo. With the logistical support of the Municipality of Serpa, the geophysical prospecting of this enclosure was made, which, being larger than previously thought, was not fully covered by the prospected area. The results, interpretation and contextualization are in the press in the proceedings of the next congress of the Association of Portuguese Archaeologists: "The enclosure of Folha do Ouro 1 (Serpa) in the context of the Alentejo calcolitic moat enclosures", by António Carlos Valera, Tiago do Pereiro, Pedro Valério and António Monge Soares. Besides Tiagome and Tiago (responsible for geophysics), Nelson Almeida and Ana Catarina Basílio participated in the fieldwork. This is the 13th ditched enclosure magnetogram produced in the context of this research program.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ao44WcM1VY4/XzHEzq6dt4I/AAAAAAAAH_U/xyDiwYqf1fESijYrucnLBtUU5fwTKqtOACLcBGAsYHQ/s817/Fig%2B3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="704" data-original-width="817" height="441" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ao44WcM1VY4/XzHEzq6dt4I/AAAAAAAAH_U/xyDiwYqf1fESijYrucnLBtUU5fwTKqtOACLcBGAsYHQ/w512-h441/Fig%2B3.jpg" width="512" /></a></div><p><br /></p>A.C.Valerahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17649871137132088749noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5594105636223883163.post-37583230808902154742020-07-22T18:32:00.002+01:002020-07-22T18:32:52.434+01:000440 - "Henging" at Perdigões<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-RkrbZ2ofzsc/Xxh4Hn5miBI/AAAAAAAAH8A/2SQea46I7ckt-0ENdHtSpwqeeqQicLrfgCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/IMG_20200722_104826a.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="864" data-original-width="1152" height="300" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-RkrbZ2ofzsc/Xxh4Hn5miBI/AAAAAAAAH8A/2SQea46I7ckt-0ENdHtSpwqeeqQicLrfgCLcBGAsYHQ/s400/IMG_20200722_104826a.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />A.C.Valerahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17649871137132088749noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5594105636223883163.post-52734781101043488812020-07-02T12:13:00.000+01:002020-07-02T12:13:00.695+01:000439 - New Publication on Perdigões enclosureThe monographic study of Tomb 4 of Perdigões enclosure has just been published. It can be downloaded here: <a href="http://www.nia-era.org/publicacoes/cat_view/18-monografias-livros">http://www.nia-era.org/publicacoes/cat_view/18-monografias-livros</a><br />
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<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-LFT3mOngVYI/Xv3BFtN2bjI/AAAAAAAAH3U/SryG3-spP7QbeuVptzi3lG82My4LJO8eACLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/PM2%2Bindice.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="594" data-original-width="1172" height="202" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-LFT3mOngVYI/Xv3BFtN2bjI/AAAAAAAAH3U/SryG3-spP7QbeuVptzi3lG82My4LJO8eACLcBGAsYHQ/s400/PM2%2Bindice.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />A.C.Valerahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17649871137132088749noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5594105636223883163.post-42259983857571148532020-06-25T21:00:00.002+01:002020-06-25T21:00:53.976+01:000438 - Discussing a new ditch sectionEra company has been excavating a section in a new Chalcolithic ditched enclosure in Alentejo (they keep coming and coming). Here, me and Tiago, we were discussing the infilling of the ditch. This one shows a clear filling where natural processes were relevant, what is easily seen in the profile of the deposits, quite different from the horizontal deposits of anthropic origin that fill partially or totally several of the ditches of Perdigões and so many other ditches in other enclosures. The low density of materials confirms that process as well as a predominance of a side for the origin of the sedimentation. In the bottom, thin sandy layers are evidence of short and intermittent periods of sedimentation of hydraulic origin, before a completely different processes of filling take place. To the interpretation of the filling is now central to understand which side is the inside and the out side of the enclosure delimited by this ditch, something that the small survey does not allow to determine. Geophysics could help by providing a partial plan. And that should be the next step.<br />
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<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-a8i5FK_XdxI/XvUCNkkO69I/AAAAAAAAH28/pov76ll9i08GJ3YdNxa7_qSIFBerdm4cQCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/IMG_20200624_095714.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="300" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-a8i5FK_XdxI/XvUCNkkO69I/AAAAAAAAH28/pov76ll9i08GJ3YdNxa7_qSIFBerdm4cQCLcBGAsYHQ/s400/IMG_20200624_095714.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<br />A.C.Valerahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17649871137132088749noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5594105636223883163.post-20248167949458992692020-05-23T18:35:00.000+01:002020-05-23T18:35:28.056+01:000437 - Fraga da Pena: a cerimonial place.Fraga da Pena. A small enclosure built against a granitic tor, in order to condition the access to a passage (truly megalithic) to the other side of the fraga, where one reaches an authentic altar over the deep valley and with a wide view over the landscape. And it constitutes a stage for those who are higher up the slope. A scenario that inspires sacredness and is conducive to ceremonial practices, which the archeological contexts involved also suggest.<br />
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<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Ju86UeJfNsk/Xslei8s3eBI/AAAAAAAAH1w/LaF8ZPJVjsQfkAg4_8uN0Y70w6BBaSuPQCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/Fraga.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="979" data-original-width="1600" height="243" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Ju86UeJfNsk/Xslei8s3eBI/AAAAAAAAH1w/LaF8ZPJVjsQfkAg4_8uN0Y70w6BBaSuPQCLcBGAsYHQ/s400/Fraga.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />A.C.Valerahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17649871137132088749noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5594105636223883163.post-53089276520141505982020-05-16T13:06:00.000+01:002020-05-16T13:06:09.010+01:000436 - The "idol" of SalvadaThis is the small marble "idol" that was collected at the surface of the 3rd millennium BC large ditched enclosure of Salvada (Beja), that is over 18 ha. An exogenous material at the site. It was published <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/295545732_Os_recintos_de_fossos_da_Salvada_e_Monte_das_Cabeceiras_2_Beja_Portugal?_sg=-KehFN1wDd74ZhA1h99X9DYkWEijxxUMV49-n9-iG9LTcIhAaKeUGbw8H6iP11W1PZSoEQQGUisVughpSdZDItIq8XN8gKUMZHbg7XZr.RAKV972s3HfjVUi8uOrgWG0aQheVtLAxVN0ZsaDKtcdW4nQizWZW2HazwJjqrgznXF4dJUUKpw7bFzBQHlecZQ">here</a>.<br />
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<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-2wN4RX3fZiI/Xr_XCYSf1SI/AAAAAAAAH1Y/Tff5WlIRl44I4v4dfw-rB9qNSJMQibFwACLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/idolo.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="788" data-original-width="1400" height="225" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-2wN4RX3fZiI/Xr_XCYSf1SI/AAAAAAAAH1Y/Tff5WlIRl44I4v4dfw-rB9qNSJMQibFwACLcBGAsYHQ/s400/idolo.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />A.C.Valerahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17649871137132088749noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5594105636223883163.post-22481928252369311902020-05-12T18:32:00.000+01:002020-05-12T18:32:49.434+01:000435 - Dogs at Perdigões enclosure<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-oy9LKZdvEHA/XrrcLkooqFI/AAAAAAAAH0c/8wnsZe8EBJkJ8HgZ3iujaJrH8G3JCL3nACLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/Sem%2Bnome.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="664" data-original-width="979" height="271" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-oy9LKZdvEHA/XrrcLkooqFI/AAAAAAAAH0c/8wnsZe8EBJkJ8HgZ3iujaJrH8G3JCL3nACLcBGAsYHQ/s400/Sem%2Bnome.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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Like other Chalcolithic
enclosures, Perdigões has several contexts where dogs or parts of dogs were
deposited. From burials, to the depositions of skulls, mandibles or parts of
limbs, dogs represent a specific type of deposition of animal remains at the
site. Recent isotopic studies carried on in a project funded by Portuguese Science
Foundation (developed by Era Arqueologia, ICArEHB-UAlg and Hércules-UÉvora)
show that humans and dogs had similar diets <span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">(with
dogs in the same trophic level of humans)</span>, showing an already well-established
proximity between them in social terms.<br />
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Biliographic
references:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Valera, A.
; Žalaitė, I. ; Maurer, A.F.; Grimes, V.; Silva, A.M.; Ribeiro, S.; Santos,
J.F.; Barrocas Dias, C. (2020) -<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Addressing human mobility in Iberian large prehistoric ditched
enclosures: the case of Perdigões (South Portugal). Journal of Archaeological
Sciences Reports. 30: 102264. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2020.102264">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2020.102264</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Zalaite,
I.; Maurer, A.F. ; Grimes, V. ; Silva, A.M. ; Ribeiro, S.; Santos J.F.; Dias,
C.B.; Valera, A.C. (2018) - Diet and mobility of fauna from Late Neolithic–Chalcolithic
site of Perdigões, Portugal. Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, 19,
p.674–685, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2018.03.033">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2018.03.033</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />A.C.Valerahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17649871137132088749noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5594105636223883163.post-10330418532695782362020-05-05T10:20:00.001+01:002020-05-05T10:21:09.550+01:000434 - The ditched enclosure of Borralhos published<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-80UpV1T9RS0/XrEvWu0jtQI/AAAAAAAAHz8/CBEk8Kmdl8g85wbpXF07d67ivR50t1XawCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/Borralhos_1teste.tif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="600" height="400" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-80UpV1T9RS0/XrEvWu0jtQI/AAAAAAAAHz8/CBEk8Kmdl8g85wbpXF07d67ivR50t1XawCLcBGAsYHQ/s400/Borralhos_1teste.tif" width="332" /></a></div>
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Magnetogram of Borralhos ditched enclosures. Published in Valera, Pererio 2020. You may download the publication <a href="http://www.nia-era.org/publicacoes/doc_download/146-aap-14-2">here</a>.A.C.Valerahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17649871137132088749noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5594105636223883163.post-80964105390825661122020-04-13T22:22:00.000+01:002020-04-13T22:22:00.460+01:000433 - About social resistance strategies at Perdigões enclosureThis video talks a bit about the strategies of social resistance and identity management that we may detect in the funerary practices at Perdigões enclosure (in Portuguese).<br />
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<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="270" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/Epw_skkVRSA" width="480"></iframe>A.C.Valerahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17649871137132088749noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5594105636223883163.post-9814061074151934432020-04-01T14:39:00.003+01:002020-04-01T14:39:55.648+01:000432 - Interpreting BorralhosThis is a proposal for the interpretation of the magnetogram of the ditched enclosure of Borralhos, South Portugal. From a paper in press at the journal Apontamentos de Arqueologia e Património, coming out by the end of the month.<br />
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<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-tO0FISotydI/XoSZi6vg2oI/AAAAAAAAHxo/2-1fFXCP7wkx9_CQKU_a5n4H1BhDVSF7ACLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/interpretacao.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="494" data-original-width="816" height="241" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-tO0FISotydI/XoSZi6vg2oI/AAAAAAAAHxo/2-1fFXCP7wkx9_CQKU_a5n4H1BhDVSF7ACLcBGAsYHQ/s400/interpretacao.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />A.C.Valerahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17649871137132088749noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5594105636223883163.post-54340451089161889582020-03-27T17:33:00.003+00:002020-03-27T17:34:11.585+00:000431 - Paper on mobility of humans and animals at Perdigões<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-zsDH2-s0hDI/Xn44oB52tHI/AAAAAAAAHxQ/86HsWuN_JdIJL76ABL5nR5oGlcUhpXwsACLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/artigo.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="600" data-original-width="1070" height="223" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-zsDH2-s0hDI/Xn44oB52tHI/AAAAAAAAHxQ/86HsWuN_JdIJL76ABL5nR5oGlcUhpXwsACLcBGAsYHQ/s400/artigo.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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Abstract:<br />
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "charissil" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">To access the role of mobility in the social
trajectory of Late Neolithic and Chalcolithic societies in the South of<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "charissil" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Portugal (Southwest Iberia) a project was
design to address the human, animal and object/raw material flow<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "charissil" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">present at Perdigoes enclosure. Perdigoes,
located in the inner Alentejo region, has a long chronology from Late<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "charissil" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Middle Neolithic to Late Chalcolithic/Early
Bronze Age (middle 4th and 3rd millennium BC). It is a large complex<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "charissil" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">of ditched enclosures (with at least 16
ditches), presenting several funerary contexts, an abundance of faunal<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "charissil" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">remains and significant concentrations of
exogenous materials in tombs. In this study human and animal mobility<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "charissil" , sans-serif;">are addressed through </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "charissil" , sans-serif;">87</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "charissil" , sans-serif;">Sr/</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "charissil" , sans-serif;">86</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "charissil" , sans-serif;">Sr isotopic analysis.
69 individuals dating from Late Neolithic and Chalcolithic, with </span></span><span style="font-family: "charissil" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">provenance from 9 different archaeological
contexts inside the enclosures (tombs, ditches and pits) were analysed.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "charissil" , sans-serif;">Human data are presented along with
previously published strontium isotope ratios from fauna (n = 28; </span><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: , sans-serif;">Canis<o:p></o:p></span></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: , sans-serif;">familiaris</span></i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "charissil" , sans-serif;">, </span><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: , sans-serif;">Bos taurus</span></i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "charissil" , sans-serif;">, </span><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: , sans-serif;">Sus </span></i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "charissil" , sans-serif;">sp., </span><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: , sans-serif;">Ovis/Capra</span></i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "charissil" , sans-serif;">, </span><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: , sans-serif;">Cervus elaphus</span></i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "charissil" , sans-serif;">, </span><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: , sans-serif;">Equus </span></i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "charissil" , sans-serif;">sp.) from the same
chronological range and several </span></span><span style="font-family: "charissil" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">contextual provenances (Zalaite et al.,
2018). Plant samples (n = 20) that cover local and peripheral lithologies </span><span style="font-family: "charissil" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">were used for establishing local
bioavailable strontium isotope ranges. To compare with the Perdigoes results, 9 </span><span style="font-family: "charissil" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">human samples from 3 megalithic monuments
(Cebolinhos 1, Comenda 1 and Vidigueiras 2) of the local settlement </span><span style="font-family: "charissil" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">network were also analysed. The results show
a significant scaled mobility of humans and animals in Perdigoes, a </span><span style="font-family: "charissil" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">contextual variation between the funerary
contexts within the site and a significant contrast with the individuals </span><span style="font-family: "charissil" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">from local megalithic monuments. These
results, combined with other archaeological data at the site, agree with </span><span style="font-family: "charissil" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">the interpretation of the site as a large aggregation centre integrated
in large scale interaction networks.</span></div>
<br />A.C.Valerahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17649871137132088749noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5594105636223883163.post-55582346700314543482020-03-23T23:13:00.001+00:002020-03-23T23:13:25.657+00:000430 - New web-page of Perdigões enclosure<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-E264mYuXm_c/XnlCWkHnVJI/AAAAAAAAHw4/RAMqUC1RXdYcgmJbKoIFfnSZRfCDDyDpgCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/capa.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="714" data-original-width="826" height="345" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-E264mYuXm_c/XnlCWkHnVJI/AAAAAAAAHw4/RAMqUC1RXdYcgmJbKoIFfnSZRfCDDyDpgCLcBGAsYHQ/s400/capa.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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In this new web-page there is a lot of information about Perdigões ditched enclosure: research organisation, team, projects, structures, archaeological materials, main excavated contexts, bibliography, isotopic and radiocarbon data bases, etc. Explore it <a href="https://perdigoes.org/">here</a>.A.C.Valerahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17649871137132088749noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5594105636223883163.post-31010933732996428292020-03-19T13:45:00.001+00:002020-03-19T13:46:35.080+00:000429 - Perdigões and its idols<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="270" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/xrMF_C8Bn30?clip=&clipt=EAAYAA%3D%3D" width="480"></iframe>A.C.Valerahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17649871137132088749noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5594105636223883163.post-68447683964651697062020-03-16T15:12:00.000+00:002020-03-16T15:12:45.207+00:000428 - Copper metallurgy at Perdigões enclosure Copper metallurgy was important at Perdigões. Raw material, crucibles, slag, hammers, artefacts and waste occur in significant numbers. Here are some examples of the tools present at the site.<br />
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<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-JEzvVNnfivw/Xm-XFVKndYI/AAAAAAAAHwQ/aBxvVBL_wXoSb2OXb4s2cm3rQi_qe0e7QCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/net.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="780" data-original-width="796" height="313" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-JEzvVNnfivw/Xm-XFVKndYI/AAAAAAAAHwQ/aBxvVBL_wXoSb2OXb4s2cm3rQi_qe0e7QCLcBGAsYHQ/s320/net.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />A.C.Valerahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17649871137132088749noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5594105636223883163.post-13711617063403931642020-03-15T23:09:00.000+00:002020-03-15T23:18:42.761+00:000427 - Perdigões at an exhibition of Iberian prehistoric idolsAn exhibition joining some of the most fantastic Neolithic and Chalcolithic idols was organised at the MARQ (Archaeological Museum of Alicante, Spain). The ditched enclosure of Perdigões is represented with several items and a paper on the the role of these human figurines at the site was published in the catalogue of the exhibition. This is the image of the Spanish version. But an English one is in press.<br />
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<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-sjCxSw-_Gfk/Xm61cgzWqHI/AAAAAAAAHwE/GZelCcO0McoX40L3-AXnI2vEGWxUwOYOQCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/imagem.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="839" data-original-width="1513" height="221" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-sjCxSw-_Gfk/Xm61cgzWqHI/AAAAAAAAHwE/GZelCcO0McoX40L3-AXnI2vEGWxUwOYOQCLcBGAsYHQ/s400/imagem.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
A.C.Valerahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17649871137132088749noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5594105636223883163.post-12639838164432630602020-02-23T14:37:00.004+00:002020-02-23T19:36:15.754+00:000426 - Comparative Archaeology<br />
I thank to Gábor Szilagyi for bring to my attention these fantastic African sinuous enclosures, that present some similarities with the Prehistoric ones of the Guadiana basin. It is possible that there is here food for a project in comparative Archaeology.<br />
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<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-SS13YZ8nUNw/XlKOKwALm5I/AAAAAAAAHvQ/NjHUKboReaACxuYUQGciIwWes9P3GtgVQCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/Sem%2Bnome.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1103" data-original-width="1101" height="400" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-SS13YZ8nUNw/XlKOKwALm5I/AAAAAAAAHvQ/NjHUKboReaACxuYUQGciIwWes9P3GtgVQCLcBGAsYHQ/s400/Sem%2Bnome.jpg" width="398" /></a></div>
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The African ones.</div>
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<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-hZUhHQ7iA0Y/XlKOlNTwdcI/AAAAAAAAHvc/CdtI7bKLW_k0uHF0dESSu07cU0wIDNP5ACLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/comparacao.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="667" data-original-width="578" height="400" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-hZUhHQ7iA0Y/XlKOlNTwdcI/AAAAAAAAHvc/CdtI7bKLW_k0uHF0dESSu07cU0wIDNP5ACLcBGAsYHQ/s400/comparacao.jpg" width="346" /></a></div>
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Some of the Portuguese ones.</div>
A.C.Valerahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17649871137132088749noreply@blogger.com1